Diindolylmethane (DIM) is a compound created when you digest cruciferous vegetables, such as broccoli or Brussels sprouts.

Research suggests that DIM regulates estrogen levels in your body.

When you eat cruciferous vegetables, your stomach acid breaks down a compound called indole-3-carbinol to produce a new compound called DIM. 

Intriguingly, observational studies associate high cruciferous vegetable intake with a reduced risk of certain cancers, including breast and prostate cancer. While the exact mechanism is unknown, indole-3-carbinol is thought to be partly responsible.

Although research on DIM is still quite limited, it’s thought to help balance estrogen levels in your body.

Specifically, DIM may stimulate the production of a less potent, more beneficial form of estrogen known as 2-hydroxyestrone. 

It may also help reduce the effects of a stronger form called 16 alpha-hydroxyestrone, which has been linked to weight gain and an increased risk of some cancers, including breast and uterine cancer. 

Additionally, DIM has been shown to inhibit an enzyme called aromatase, which converts testosterone to estrogen.

DIM supplements are being studied for their protective effects against certain cancers. They’re also used to help prevent prostate enlargement, treat acne, aid weight loss, and reduce premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and menopause symptoms.